Metronidazole acts as a nitroimidazole anti-infective medication used mostly in treating infections from susceptible organisms, especially anaerobic bacteria as well as protozoa. It is thought of as the ideal anti-anaerobic product.

Available under the brand label of Flagyl, Metronidazole is made for the U.S. market, and Sanofi-Aventis for the global markets. Many generic manufacturers produce it as well, at a significantly reduced price.

Uses

There are many uses for Metronidazole in the treatment sequence for the following infections:

–Skin and skin structure infections
–Bacterial vaginosis
–Trichomoniasis
–Bone and joint infections
–Endocarditis
–Adjunct treatment for gastritis and duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori
–Intra-abdominal infections
–Lower respiratory tract infections
–Gynecologic infections

Mode of Action

Once the active compounds within Metronidazole enter an aerobic bacterium, the electron transport protein ferrodoxin is lessened. Then adhering to DNA, the drug breaks apart the DNA. Indicated by in vitro data to produce antioxidant activity, metronidazole may prevent as well as improve rosacea symptoms.

Pros

The advantages of metronidazole are:
–Excellent tissue penetration
–Large percentage of sensitive negative anaerobes
–Rapid bacterial killing properties
–Considerably low probability of inducing colitis
–Available as intravenous and oral dosage forms

Cons
–Excessive toxicity may trigger gastrointestinal tract symptoms. Neurological impairment may end up with the fallout of  chronic toxicity. A potential problem is present for uncontrollable seizures and peripheral neuropathy.
–Drinking alcohol while using metronidazole can cause a disulfiram-like reaction with effects that can also be: vomiting, nausea, flushing of the skin, tachycardia (accelerated heart rate), shortness of breath, as well as possible death. Do not imbibe alcohol when going through a metronidazole treatment program as well as prior to the passage of 24 hours following the conclusion of treatment.
–Metronidazole hydroxy metabolite might possibly be a carcinogen. As well, metronidazole is an affirmed carcinogenic for animals. Causeless usage of the drug is not recommended.

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